Antscalar Gravity and Triple Bounce
Eduard Mychelkin
Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute
mych@hotmail.kz
Additional authors:
We develop conception of well-defined scalar field background as a source of both geometry and matter content of the Universe. Following to generalized Killing-type symmetries we get the special master-equation which brings us to universal method of {\it antiscalar} (that is similar to anti-de Sitter, with opposite sign of unremovable scalar field energy-momentum tensor) gravitation. Some preferences and features of antiscalar gravity are the following: *1. The cyclic-type scenario for 'eternal' living of our universe is to be the best; *2. The {\it triple electro-weak (EW) bounce} (instead of a single planckian big bang) is manifested, thus only three big oscillations (three Pervushin's W, Z-factories [1] within the EW-threshold) historically have had place at the beginning of that evolution era; *3. This {\it triple bounce has produced just three generations} of leptons and constituents of baryons, each being in dynamical equilibrium with one of {\it three distinct energy levels of the background scalar condensate} (a density of the lowest energetic level dominates up to now); *4. Scalar background contains both laminar-type and vortex (pseudo-scalar) components; *5. As follows from dynamical equations the highly prevailing laminar component of scalar background can naturally be explained as the {\it direct neutral composition of electric fields} of both signs, and such universal basic field can be 'visible' only gravitationally; *6. The {\it background neutrino-antineutrino sea} is supposed to be responsible for the effective vortex component being also essential for the bound states of scalar background [2]; *7. It is proved: the {\it usual} (not the low-energy limit of superstring theories) basic gravitating scalar field is of {\it tachyonic} nature, as follows from stable appearance of imaginary masses of order $10^{-33}eV \approx 10^{-65}g$, belonging to highly penetrating effective scalar field carriers; *8. Its {\it sources (scalar charges)} prove to be the usual {\it masses}, so the gravity proper is always only a secondary effect with respect to ubiquitous basic scalar field (SF). If so, this leads to a {\it new comprehension of gravity} as a manifestation of well-defined gravitating scalar field with {\it no} habitual {\it energy-momentum pseudo-tensor problems}, etc. Next, there were many attempts to explain DM-DE (dark matter - dark energy) phenomena as due to influence of some effective scalar field (SF). Independently of any models (MOND, WIMP, SF, ...) the phenomenological accounting of DM is getting now to be of a big importance for the different applied problems such as N-body simulations, a motion of tentative objects, lensing, etc. We develop approach based on conception of {\it 'true' scalar background}. Immanent presence of the last is justified by both theoretical considerations (thermodynamical stability, cosmological implications, etc.) and correspondence with experiments. This leads to above-mentioned conception of {\it 'antiscalar'} gravitation (see also our reports [3], etc.) embedded into dynamical and constraint equations of the theory. For the completeness of that issue it is worth to note: *9. We deduce the {\it working formulae of gravitational lensing in the case of 'true' antiscalar background}, to get the necessary means for testing of antiscalar theory and for the definite corrections of current observations. It should also be noted that the corresponding problem has already been solved [4] on the base of the well-known JNW-solution [5] for the pure SF, opposite to proposed here realistic antiscalar field (ASF), and to be used for diagnostics of so-called scalar charges. Thus it is of special interest to compare the 'scalar' and 'antiscalar' approaches to lensing problems. Then non-trivial passage from JNW to the famous Papapetrou ASF-solution is found which shows that {\it no other scalar charges besides the masses proper can exist}. It is essential point that the general, exponential in doubled potential, Papapetrou solution, being applicable to antiscalar gravity, can independently be obtained from the simple conformal symmetry considerations as well [6]. Just this solution manifests the true behavior of (static, or quasi-static) gravity and should play the principal role in many gravitational experiments and first of all in problems of lensing. No doubt, the various compact objects can exist, but there are {\it no} more {\it black-holes} solutions in such approach, {\it no} any {\it susy, monopoles} and other exotic matter behind and far behind the electro-weak limit, {\it no} chance to radiate so highly expected {\it 'gravitational waves'} propagating with speed of light, and thus {\it no need to quantize} them. Both gravity and free scalar field, being of highly tachyonic nature, can not in principle be quantized in canonical sense. However, all the 'crucial effects' are to be confirmed and the usual quantum effects in strong (classical) fields remain to be meaningful. In conclusion we emphasize the last: *10. The well-defined {\it scalar thermodynamics} is built and carefully compared with black-hole thermodynamics showing the similar behavior of thermodynamical quantities when the appropriate equipotential surfaces replace the (unphysical) black-hole horizons. *11. {\it The $\Lambda$-vacuum and related hierarchies problems} are clarified due to strict distinction between the free (always present in space) and bound (localized strictly in domains of particles interactions) states of scalar condensate (or, equivalently, of physical vacuum). So, sometimes we have in fact the poorly posed questions rather than true 'problems'. It is probable, the permanent features of $\Lambda$-vacuum (being the immanent and invariant part of free scalar background which is supposed to be induced everywhere inside the our Universe), they are so stable due to existence of global background which is formed and generated by the variety of other universes (clusters of universes, etc.) of this endless World. References 1. Pervushin V.N.: 2003, Early Universe as W,Z-factory. (11 Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics. Moscow. "Moscow State University", August 21-27, 2003). 2. Isaev P.S.: 2002, Communications JINR, D2-2002-2, Dubna, P.1-20. 3. Mychelkin E.G.: 2003, Foundations of Geometrized Scalar Gravity and Physical Vacuum. Proceedings of the XII International Conference on Selected Problems of Modern Physics, Section I, Dubna, June 8-11, 2003); 2003, Proceedings of GeoN (Joint International Scientific Conference 'New Geometry of Nature', Kazan State University, August 25--September 5). Volume I. P.215-227; 2002, Development of gravitating scalar condensate conception. Journal of Problems of Evolution of Open Systems (PEOS). Almaty. "Evero". Number 4, P.185-197. (Russian); 2003, Journal of PEOS, Almaty, "Evero". Number 5, Volume 1. P.60-67. (Russian); 2003, Journal of PEOS, Almaty, "Evero". Number 5, Volume 2. P.52-62. (Russian). 4. Virbhadra K.S., Narasimha D., Chitre S.: 1998, Role of scalar field in gravitational lensing. Astron.&Astroph. {\bf 337}, P.1-8. 5. Janis A.I., Newman E.T., Winicour J.: 1968, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 20}, P.878-890. 6. Consoli M.: 2001, Newtonian gravity from the Higgs field. ArXiv: hep-ph/0109215.
